Question
atones "fasting the day of 'Arafah and' Ashura '[the tenth day of Muharram] mortal sins?
Answer
praise be to Allah, Lord of the Universe. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad, sal-lal-lahu 'alaihi wa sal-lam, is His servant and messenger.
Abu Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with him narrated that the Prophet, sal-lal-lahu 'alayhi wa sal-lam, said: "I hope that Allah, Glory Be, Do that fasting the day of 'Arafah atone for the sins of previous and subsequent years, and I hope that Allah, glory be, Make the fasting of 'Ashura' atone for (the sins committed in) the previous year. "[Muslim]
An-Nawawi, may Allah forgive him, commented on this hadith saying:
" That means you expiate the sins of two years who fasted that day. The scholars said that this refers to minor sins. And that was explained earlier, in discussing the atonement of ablution sins, when we mention that if there are minor sins then be expected to reduce the punishment of the grave, and if no serious sins, then the reward will increase in degree. "
This demonstrates that the sins alluded to in the Hadith are the children, not serious, since the latter require repentance.
Allaah knows best
Source: http://islamweb.net/esp/index.php?page=articles&id=155829
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